What is IoT?
IoT: IoT stands for Internet of things is a network of interconnected computing devices, automatic and digital machines provided with unique identifiers and the capability to move data over a network without human intervention.
• A network of Physical Objects that can interact with Each other to share information and perform
• Things, People, and cloud Services Connect via the internet to enable new use cases and Business Models
How is IoT Different from M2M (Machine to Machine)?
- M2M Focused on connecting Machine Mainly proprietary closed systems
- IoT is about the connection between Humans and Machines using common public services
Core Components of IoT
- Sensor: Collects data from various Data Sources
- Connectivity: Sent the collected data to clouds via wi-fi or Bluetooth
- Data Processing: Process the data received by Cloud Infrastructure
- User Interface: After Processing, results are provided to End-User
IoT Testing Architecture
Types of Testing in IoT Application
- Interoperability Testing: We access the capability of interoperating protocols and devices across different specifications and standards.
- Security Testing: Security Testing ensures data protection, device authentication, and trust in cloud computing.
- Usability Testing: This involves usability testing based on the functional and non-functional user experience of an IoT application.
- Performance Testing: Application involving a huge volume of data and accuracy is tested for performance under various aspects, like time, load, and real-time analysis
- Network Testing: Test the performance of an IoT application in terms of quality and quantity in real network conditions with different network sizes, topology, and environmental conditions.
- Protocol Testing: This refers to connectivity testing based on Device to Cloud and Device to Device under a different set of protocols
- Edge Testing: It ensures coordination and real-time analysis at the edge of a network, which might get hindered by network bandwidth, capability, and reliability.
- End-user application Testing: Testing of all functional use cases of an IoT application including user experience and usability testing.
- Compatibility Testing: To test the application compatibility with the possible combination of device, protocol version, devices, and the mobile OS version.
Testing scope in IoT
| Component validation | Function validation | Performance Validation | Security & Data Validation |
| – Device Hardware- Embedded softwareApplication-Cloud InfrastructureNetwork Connectivity-Third-Party Software | -Interaction between Devices-Basic Device Testing (start/Stop/Restart)-Error Handling-Valid Calculation | -Data transmit Frequency-Multiple Request handling-Synchronization-Interrupt Testing-Device Performance-Consistency Validation | -Validate Data Packets-Verify Data loses or Corrupt-Data values-Data Encryption/Decryption-Users Roles and Responsibilities & usage Pattern |
challenges in IoT Testing
- Security Threats to Data: The data collected, and Communicated by Connected Devices is Huge which can lead to Data Leaks or Unauthorizes Access to System
- Network Issues: Devices may face network configurations issues, and this may prevent faster communication and impact the performance of the device.
- Real-time complexity: IoT applications have numerous, real-time cases & its use cases are immensely complex.
- IoT Protocol Testing: Any connected device that is being developed, needs to be tested across various protocols like MQTT, XMPP, CoAP etc.
- Dynamic Environment: IoT has a very dynamic environment with huge number of sensors & multiple devices utilized in collaboration with intelligent software.
Benefits of IoT Testing
- Improve Engagement: IoT Testing make sure that the customer gets best-in-class experience over multiple channels (device, web, mobile)
- Future-proof the business: IoT Testing gives an integrated perspective to verify the experimental and non-functional requirements of the IoT solutions. It also future proofs the business by ensuring interoperability, security, and performance testing
- Accelerate Time-to-Market: IoT testing make sure faster time-to-market by supporting early automation
IoT Testing Tools
- Shodan: Connectivity testing tool that verifies the devices connected to the hub. It shows the connected devices, their location, and the information of its user.
- Wireshark: Opensource application that lets you monitor the traffic, host addresses, protocols.
- TCPDump: Same as Wireshark but TCPDump does not have a UI command-line packet analyzer that also monitors the traffic
- MQTT Spy: It is a Spy tool if your device supports MQTT protocol
- JTAG Dongle: Helps in debugging the target platform code and show variables step by step.
- Digital Storage Oscilloscope: Used to check various events with timestamps, glitches in power supply, signal integrity check.
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